Grasse, the Perfume Capital of the World

Located in the hills of Provence to the North of Cannes is the French town of Grasse which is internationally renowned for its long history of perfume-making. Fragrance use dates back to ancient civilizations including Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia where curated scents were used for spiritual rituals, aromatherapy, and as perfumes. Modern perfume emerged in Europe around 1370 when scented oils including rosemary and lavender were mixed with an alcohol base for Queen Elizabeth of Hungary. This blend was named “Hungary Water” and the production of perfume quickly spread through Europe in the 14th century, notably in Italy and France. 

Grasse gradually became a production hub for perfume, but crafting scents was not always this area’s speciality. During the Middle Ages, Grasse was known for its production of hand-crafted leather gloves. Unfortunately these gloves gave off a strong and unpleasant smell, so local glove tanner Galimard decided to infuse the gloves with a perfumed scent. A pair of scented gloves was then gifted to Catherine de Medici who greatly enjoyed the innovative idea. The Queen’s favor instantly jump-started the perfumed glove industry in Grasse. 

During the industrial revolution in France, the perfume industry in Grasse greatly expanded; huge factories were built and local fields were covered in flowers used for fragrances. The weather conditions were perfect for the cultivation of roses, lavender, mimosa, and jasmine. By 1875, there were 65 different companies in Grasse that played a role in the fragrance industry. 

Grasse remains a perfume stronghold today with two annual floral festivals, the Fête du Jasmin and the Exposition de Roses. There are three main perfume factories that are based out of Grasse: Fragonard, Galimard, and Molidard. Additionally, internationally renowned luxury brands source some of their flowers from Grasse including Chanel, Dior, Hermès, and Louis Vuitton. In particular, the roses and jasmine that are used in Chanel’s iconic No. 5 fragrance are grown in the fields of Grasse. 

If you are a perfume lover, we would definitely recommend visiting Grasse and going on a tour of the perfume factories!